What is organic gardening?
Organic gardening involves using the principles of organic horticulting in your garden. Issues such as how the soil is built, how the soil is nurtured, and how pests are managed are of paramount importance to organic gardening. Basically, organic gardening involves working in cooperation with nature in your garden.
Quite simply, in practical terms, organic gardening means that you would not use synthetic products or chemicals, including pesticides or fertilizers. You would use sensible methods to replenish the soil like feeding the soil with composted plants, or rotating the plants that are planted in a given area to allow the soil to get enriched.
Creating and maintaining an organic garden can be a very satisfying experience for a gardener .
Why is the soil so important?
A core idea in organic gardening is that soil needs to be fed and nourished, so that, it, in turn, can nourish our plants. This is simple, common sense.
Soil can be of different types. Clay soil is rich in nutrients and holds water better, but the soil can sometimes hold the water too well and not let enough air in. Sandy soil, on the other hand drains water well, but is usually low in nutrients. In either case, the solution is to add some organic matter to improve the soil’s texture and improve the nutrient content in the soil.
How can you eliminate pests without chemicals?
One of the common fears that a gardener has about “going organic” is the image of having to share their garden with insects and pests and worse, leaving the plants to die of disease. After all, how can one eliminate pests or treat diseases without chemicals?
The gardener’s job of watching over the garden and plants diligently remains the most important first step. Secondly, the key is to adopt a mindset of acting in a way that is in cooperation with nature. Thirdly, the gardener has to become more knowledgeable about the specific issues they face and simple, and natural options that may be there to solve them.
For example, with pest control, a wide range of organic pesticides are available to help with the problem. But, sometimes, if you know what the problems is, you may not need to do anything at all because the insect that hit your garden will be gone at the end of the season never to return. i.e. You don’t have to be in a trigger-ready state always to “kill” the invader.
Sometimes, it is valuable to look to nature to see if there are other insect that are natural predators for the pests inflicting your plants. If so, it would suffice to introduce a small number of the “beneficial insects” into your garden to solve your pest problem. For example, ladybugs love to eat aphids.
Another safe, effective and natural method is to use physical barriers like sticky traps to catch flying insects. Many safe methods like this are there in the toolset of the organic gardener.
Here are some commonly used techniques to keep your garden thriving, organically:
- Let there be some pest damage – there is no need to strive for a 100% pest free garden always
- Select plants carefully. Choose varieties that are disease resistant.
- Use smart planting of companion crops that can discourage pests naturally
- Rotate crops from year to year to disrupt pest reproduction cycles
- Use row covers to protect plants during pest migrations
Becoming aware of methods like these will empower the gardener make wise choices in dealing with pests in the garden.
How can you enrich the soil without fertilizers?
There are many ways to have nutrient-rich soil , without resorting to chemical fertilizers.
You can use “green manure”. Green manure is a type of crop that is grown for a specific period, with the main idea of adding nutrients and organic matter to the soil. Leguminous green manures like clover and vetch fix the soil’s nitrogen content in a manner that plants can use. Other green manure crops can help increase the organic matter in the soil. Some cover crops behave as natural suppressants of weeds while preventing soil erosion and compaction at the same time. Oat, Rye, Fava Beans, Clover, Mustard, Fenugreek etc. are all popular green manures.
You can use “compost”. Compost is a decomposed combination of plants, animal and other organic materials that is rich, black soil. When added to the soil, compost provides nutrients and a rich growing medium for plants. You can make compost yourself by using vegetable, food and other organic waste materials from your home. Compose is natural fertilizer for plants, and there are many methods and materials available for preparing compost.
You can use “mulching”. Much is a special kind of ground cover placed over the soil to help it retain its moisture, and suppress weeds from growing . Organic mulches also provide nutrients to the soil as the cover decays.
Summary
As an organic gardener, you work in synch with nature, and adopting nature-friendly ways to prepare your soil, nourish your soil and keep it safe and healthy. All this without ever having to resort to polluting, dangerous and toxic chemicals!
There are some good resources availabe online and you can start here by using this guide to the best Web resources on organic gardening.
For other gardening resources , please consult this gardening guide.